这些错误表明系统无法解析到您配置的镜像域名(mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn 和 mirrors.aliyun.com)。这通常是由于网络连接问题或DNS解析问题导致的。请按照以下步骤排查解决:
- 检查网络连接
ping -c 4 8.8.8.8
· 如果能ping通IP,说明网络连接正常,问题可能是DNS
· 如果无法ping通,检查网络配置或联系网络管理员
- 检查DNS解析
nslookup mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn
nslookup mirrors.aliyun.com
如果无法解析,说明DNS有问题。
- 临时解决方案:使用系统默认源
先切换回Ubuntu官方源:
# 备份当前源列表
sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.backup
# 恢复为官方源(适用于Ubuntu 22.04 Jammy)
sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list << 'EOF'
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
EOF
- 更新并清理
# 清理旧的包列表
sudo rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
sudo apt clean
# 更新源
sudo apt update
- 如果仍需国内镜像,更换其他可用镜像
如果清华镜像有问题,可以尝试其他镜像:
方法一:使用阿里云镜像
sudo sed -i 's/http:\/\/mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn\/ubuntu/https:\/\/mirrors.aliyun.com\/ubuntu/g' /etc/apt/sources.list
方法二:使用华为云镜像
sudo sed -i 's/http:\/\/mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn\/ubuntu/https:\/\/repo.huaweicloud.com\/ubuntu/g' /etc/apt/sources.list
方法三:手动编辑源文件
sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list
将文件中所有的 mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn 替换为:
· mirrors.aliyun.com (阿里云)
· mirrors.huaweicloud.com (华为云)
· mirrors.cloud.tencent.com (腾讯云)
- 检查Docker源配置
对于Docker源,也需要检查:
sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list
如果有问题,可以暂时注释掉或更换镜像。
- 完全重新配置(推荐)
最简单的方法是重新生成sources.list:
# 备份
sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.backup.$(date +%Y%m%d)
# 生成阿里云镜像源(Ubuntu 22.04)
sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list << 'EOF'
deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
EOF
# 更新
sudo apt update
- 如果问题依旧,检查系统DNS配置
cat /etc/resolv.conf
确保有有效的DNS服务器,如:
nameserver 8.8.8.8
nameserver 8.8.4.4
或国内DNS:
nameserver 223.5.5.5 # 阿里DNS
nameserver 119.29.29.29 # 腾讯DNS
请按顺序尝试这些方法,通常问题会在第4步或第7步解决。